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This section demonstrates
the use of the full version of Wind Loads on Structures in
determining wind loads on a sign. The screens show the data already
entered. The accompanying text describes the actions the user would go
through in using the software.
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Example: Sign
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Sign
Width - 50 ft.
Height - 20 ft.
Number of Supports - 2
Supports
Shape
- Round
Diameter - 1.3ft.
Height
- 60 ft.
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Data Input
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Note: Click on figure to review
the full screen(1024X768 display recommended).
Click BACK in Explorer toolbar to
return.
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Figure 1
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Signs
(Figure
1)
This screen facilitates the basic input for a sign.
Sign Dimensions: Click on the box for Width, type in the
dimension, and press the tab key or click on another data entry box. In
the Height box, type in the dimension, and press the tab key or click on
another data entry box.
Support Dimensions:
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Number of Supports: Click on this box, type in the number of
supports, and press the tab key or click on another data entry
box.
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Shape: Click on the arrow to the right of the roof shape box to
obtain a drop down list of support shapes. Select the support
shape for the building by placing the cursor on it and clicking.
The software provides the following Support Shapes:
"Square," "Hex or Oct" (Hexagonal or
Octagonal), or "Round." The software defaults to a
square support shape.
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Diameter: Click on the Diameter box, type in the dimension, and
press the tab key or click on another data entry box.
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Height: Click on the Height box, type in the dimension, and
press the tab key or click on another data entry box.
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Surface Classification: Click on the arrow to the right of the
box to obtain a drop down list of Surface Classifications for the
support members. Click on the desired value. The software defaults
to Moderately Smooth.
Structure Category: Click on the arrow to the right of the
Structure Category box to obtain a list of Structure Categories (I
through IV). Select the desired Structure Category by placing the cursor
on it and clicking. The software defaults to Structure Category II.
Sign Openings:
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Solidity Ratio. Click on the box, enter a value for the solidity
ratio for the sign, and press the tab key. If the entered value is
less than 70, then the software requires additional information
concerning sign members’ shape and size.
Sign Drawing: The software produces a sketch of the sign.
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Figure 2
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Location
Information (Figure 2)
This form facilitates the input of wind speed values, exposure
categories, and topographic information.
Terrain Exposure: The software defaults to exposure C. To
change the exposure, double click on the box to obtain a drop down list,
place the cursor on the appropriate exposure category (A through D) and
click.
Topography:
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Topographic Shape: Click on the arrow to obtain a list of
Topographic Shapes described in ASCE-7. If the user selects any
Topographic Shape other than "None," three dimension
boxes become active.
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LH: Click on this box, type in the dimension, and
press the tab key or click on another data entry box.
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H: Click on this box, type in the dimension, and press the tab
key or click on another data entry box.
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x: Click on this box, type in the dimension, and press the tab
key or click on another data entry box.
Basic Wind Speed:
Wind Speed Value: Click on the box and enter a wind speed or use the
maps built into the software. The software contains the following maps:
Continental USA and Alaska. Click on the arrow to the right of the box
containing "Continental USA" to obtain a list. Click on the
geographic area where the building is located. For "Continental
USA" or "Alaska" click on the View Map button to bring up
a map. Selecting other locations puts a value in the Basic Wind Speed
box.
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Figure 3
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Height Increment List
(Figure 3)
This form allows the user to define height increments at which the
software will calculate wind speeds.
Increment Method: Select "Standard" or "User
Defined." For the "Standard" selection the software assigns
height increments.
For the "User Defined" selection, click on the arrow to the
right of the box containing the words "Standard List" to obtain
a drop down list. The user can change values in the table. Also, right
clicking on the table allows insertion or deletion of rows. When the user
enters numbers, either over existing numbers or in new rows, the table
automatically sorts the table values in ascending order. Standard List
selection leaves the assigned height increments in the table. Selecting
"Auto Increments" activates the Auto section of this form.
Auto:
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Click on the Increment Interval box and type in a user defined
height increment.
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Click on the Number of Intervals box and type in the number of
intervals.
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Figure 4
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Optional
Factors
(Figure 4)
This form allows the user to input factors not absolutely required
for wind load calculation. Entry of data in this form will affect wind
load computations. In this example, SDG has entered a damping ratio of
1% (enter damping ratio as a real number between 1 and 100, inclusive)
and a natural frequency of 0.7 Hz.
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Figure 5
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Main Wind Force
Resisting System – Wind Directed Normal to Face (Figure 5)
This represents the first set of basic output data for this program.
Clicking on any value in the table that the software calculated brings
up a detail screen that shows the values used in the calculation.
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Figure 6
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Ex
Pres Coef – Details
(Figure 6)
Typical detail screen. The software provides several calculators that
allow the user to perform parametric studies without going through the
entire design process. The calculators are similar to the Details form
shown here.
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Figure 7
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Print
Design
(Figure
7)
This screen appears when the user opts to print after completing his
design. Initially, the software selects all available forms for
printing. The user can de-select or reselect forms by clicking on boxes.
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Report |
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Report for Sign Example |
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